Common Cold / Sore Throat
The common cold is an acute (short-term) viral infection of the upper respiratory tract that may be spread through the air, for example, by sneezing, or by contact with contaminated objects.
What are the symptoms of the common cold?
The common cold often causes runny nose, sore throat, and malaise (vague discomfort). Sore throat is sometimes a symptom of a more serious condition distinct from the common cold, such as strep throat, which may require medical diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antibiotics. Since it is a viral infection, antibiotics are not effective against the common cold.
How is it treated?
A warm, humid environment increases comfort during the common cold. For people with severe symptoms, rest is recommended. Nasal decongestants may provide temporary relief, but rebound congestion often occurs. It is important to drink plenty of fluids in order to maintain water balance and easily flowing secretions. If a cough is severe or painful, cough suppressants may be recommended, particularly as a way of facilitating sleep. Otherwise, expectoration of sputum is considered a valuable mechanism for expelling infectious organisms and congested secretions, and therefore it should not be suppressed.
Dietary changes that may be helpful:
Excessive sugar, dietary fat, and alcohol have been reported to impair immune function, although no specific information is available on how these foods may affect the course of the common cold.
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