Osteoarthritis Arthritis (OA)
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a universal consequence of aging among animals with a bony skeleton. This common disease develops when the linings of joints degenerate, leading to pain and decreased mobility. Many factors contribute to the development of OA. The disease is primarily associated with aging and injury and was once called “wear-and-tear” arthritis. OA may occur secondary to many other conditions. However, in most cases, the true cause of OA is unknown.
What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis?
The onset of OA is gradual and most often affects the hips, knees, fingers, and spine, although other joints also may be involved. Pain is the main symptom, which usually worsens with exercise and is relieved by rest. Morning stiffness is also common and diminishes with movement. As OA progresses, joint motion is lost, and tenderness and grating sensations may develop. OA of the spine may lead to shooting pains down the arms or legs.
How is it treated?
Conventional treatment for OA, designed to relieve symptoms, includes the use of hot soaks, warm paraffin applications, heating pads, and joint support devices. Medications for pain relief include acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol®) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Topical creams containing capsaicin (Zostrix®) may also be used for local pain relief.
Lifestyle changes that may be helpful:
Obesity increases the risk of OA developing in weight-bearing joints, and weight loss in women is associated with reduced risk for developing OA. Weight loss is also thought to reduce the pain of existing OA.
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